Marlon Brando is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors of all time. Born on April 3, 1924, in Omaha, Nebraska, Brando’s unconventional approach to acting, as well as his potent on-screen presence, had a profound influence on the art form and significantly shaped the modern film industry. In examining his career, one can identify pivotal shifts in acting techniques, an impressive body of work, and a troubled yet intriguing personal life.
Table of Contents
Case Study: Marlon Brando
Early Life and Education
Raised in a troubled family, Brando sought solace in theater during his high school years. It was here he discovered his passion for acting, prompting his departure for New York City at the age of 19. Brando enrolled in the dramatic workshop of the New School, studying under the revered acting coach Stella Adler, who introduced him to the “Stanislavski Method” or “Method Acting.” This revolutionary approach encourages actors to give sincere and emotionally expressive performances by drawing on their own experiences and emotions, a technique that would become the cornerstone of Brando’s acting style.
The Birth of ‘The Method’ in Hollywood
Brando’s breakout role came in 1947 when he starred as Stanley Kowalski in Tennessee Williams’s “A Streetcar Named Desire” on Broadway. His raw and visceral portrayal of Kowalski stunned audiences and critics alike, eventually leading to his reprisal of the role in the 1951 film adaptation, earning him his first Oscar nomination.
His performance in “Streetcar” and subsequent films like “Viva Zapata!” (1952) and “On the Waterfront” (1954) — for which he won his first Academy Award — introduced the film industry and audiences to a new kind of acting, one that felt more real, intense, and emotional. This was a stark departure from the theatrical and stylized performances that were commonplace during that era. The impact of “The Method” was profound, setting a new standard for realism in acting and influencing generations of actors to come.
The Wild One and The Godfather
Brando continued to make waves with his iconic role in “The Wild One” (1953), where he played the rebellious motorcycle gang leader Johnny Strabler. His performance, characterized by a blend of unpredictability and quiet intensity, further reinforced his reputation as a transformative actor.
Perhaps the pinnacle of Brando’s career, however, came in 1972 with Francis Ford Coppola’s “The Godfather.” Despite initial reservations from studio executives, Brando’s portrayal of Mafia boss Vito Corleone was nothing short of mesmerizing. His subtle yet powerful performance, marked by a distinctive raspy voice and nuanced body language, won him his second Academy Award and solidified his status as one of the greatest actors in cinema history.
Rebellion, Activism, and Retirement
Throughout his career, Brando was as well-known for his off-screen antics as he was for his on-screen performances. He developed a reputation for being difficult to work with, often clashing with directors and refusing to memorize his lines, which added to the unpredictability of his performances.
Brando was also a vocal activist, championing civil rights and Native American causes. Notably, he refused to accept his Oscar for “The Godfather” in protest of Hollywood’s treatment of Native Americans, sending Sacheen Littlefeather in his place to deliver a speech.
Despite his tumultuous career, Brando remained active in the film industry until the late 1990s. His later roles included significant performances in “Last Tango in Paris” (1972), “Apocalypse Now” (1979), and “A Dry White Season” (1989). He officially retired from acting in 2001 and lived a mostly secluded life until his death in 2004.
Legacy and Influence
Brando’s influence on acting cannot be overstated. He revolutionized the craft with his deep commitment to ‘The Method,’ bringing a level of authenticity and intensity to his performances that was virtually unseen at the time. His naturalistic acting style has influenced countless actors, from contemporaries like James Dean and Paul Newman to modern stars such as Leonardo DiCaprio and Robert De Niro.
Aside from his acting prowess, Brando’s rebellious spirit and activism have also left a lasting impact. He used his platform to advocate for social issues, challenging Hollywood’s status quo and pushing for increased representation and fair treatment of marginalized communities. Despite his controversial reputation, Brando’s passion for justice and change is an inspiration for actors to use their influence for societal good.
Lessons from Brando’s Career
Brando’s career offers a wealth of insights for aspiring actors. His dedication to ‘The Method’ underscores the importance of emotional depth and authenticity in performance. While this approach can be mentally and emotionally demanding, the resulting performance often carries a resonance that audiences can deeply connect with.
His choice of diverse and challenging roles also shows the importance of versatility in an acting career. From the brutish Stanley Kowalski to the commanding Vito Corleone, Brando’s ability to convincingly portray a wide range of characters demonstrated the breadth of his talent.
Finally, Brando’s activism highlights the potential for actors to use their platform to effect societal change. Despite the controversy it often generated, Brando’s outspokenness brought attention to critical issues and helped advocate for change within and outside the industry.
Conclusion
Marlon Brando’s impact on the world of acting is indisputable. His innovative approach to the craft, his unforgettable performances, and his willingness to use his platform for advocacy significantly shaped the acting landscape and continue to influence actors today.
Brando’s career is a testament to the power of authenticity, versatility, and courage in acting. His deep understanding of human nature, his ability to connect with audiences, and his relentless pursuit of truth in performance have firmly established him as one of the greatest actors in cinematic history. As such, Brando’s career is a beacon for any actor, regardless of their stage on their artistic journey.
Casting of Marlon Brando: Landmark Roles and Transformative Performances
Marlon Brando’s casting in several key roles during his illustrious career significantly shaped not only his personal artistic trajectory but also the broader landscape of film and theatre. Let’s explore some of these pivotal casting moments in more detail.
“A Streetcar Named Desire” (1951)
Brando’s breakthrough came when he was cast as Stanley Kowalski in the Broadway production of Tennessee Williams’ “A Streetcar Named Desire.” Under Elia Kazan’s direction, Brando delivered a raw, visceral performance that left audiences and critics captivated. Brando’s portrayal of the brutish and magnetic Stanley showcased his method acting training and redefined expectations for realism on stage. He reprised this role in the 1951 film adaptation, catapulting him to international fame and earning him his first Academy Award nomination.
“On the Waterfront” (1954)
Casting Brando as Terry Malloy in Elia Kazan’s “On the Waterfront” was another pivotal moment in his career. As a conflicted ex-boxer entangled in corruption on the docks, Brando’s sensitive and powerful performance resonated deeply with audiences. His famous line in the film, “I coulda been a contender,” delivered with heart-wrenching authenticity, became one of the most iconic moments in film history. This role won Brando his first Academy Award for Best Actor.
“The Godfather” (1972)
Perhaps one of the most significant casting choices in film history was Brando’s role as Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola’s “The Godfather.” Despite resistance from studio executives due to Brando’s reputation for being difficult on set, Coppola insisted on Brando, believing he could bring depth and humanity to the role of the mafia patriarch. Brando’s transformation was nothing short of astounding, from his distinctively raspy voice to his imposing presence. His immersive portrayal won him his second Academy Award, cementing his status as one of the greatest actors of his generation.
“Last Tango in Paris” (1972)
Brando’s casting in Bernardo Bertolucci’s controversial “Last Tango in Paris” showcased his willingness to take on challenging, unconventional roles. Playing Paul, a middle-aged American expatriate in Paris who engages in an anonymous sexual relationship with a young Frenchwoman, Brando delivered an intensely emotional performance that was largely improvised. This film demonstrated Brando’s commitment to authenticity in his acting, even when the material was emotionally raw and controversial.
“Apocalypse Now” (1979)
In Francis Ford Coppola’s “Apocalypse Now,” Brando was cast as the rogue Colonel Walter E. Kurtz. Although Brando’s on-set behavior and preparation (or lack thereof) were a point of contention, his performance was undeniably impactful. He brought a haunting, enigmatic quality to Kurtz that elevated the film’s exploration of the horrors of war.
Each of these casting choices presented Brando with unique opportunities to delve deep into the psyche of his characters, showcasing his vast emotional range and commitment to authenticity. His transformative performances set a new standard for acting and left an indelible mark on the world of film and theatre.
“The Wild One” (1953)
Marlon Brando’s casting as Johnny Strabler, the rebellious leader of a motorcycle gang in “The Wild One,” was a significant milestone in his career. With his iconic black leather jacket, jeans, and a rebellious attitude, Brando created a character that became a symbol of youthful defiance in the 1950s. His charismatic performance and inherent rawness captivated audiences and solidified his image as a rebellious, yet appealing, antihero.
“The Young Lions” (1958)
In “The Young Lions,” Brando was cast as a German soldier during World War II, a role that required him to master a German accent and convincingly portray the internal conflict of a character who starts to question the morality of his nation’s actions. Despite the challenge, Brando delivered a complex performance that showcased his ability to evoke empathy for a deeply conflicted character.
“Julius Caesar” (1953)
In this classic Shakespearean adaptation, Brando surprised critics with his portrayal of Mark Antony. His delivery of Antony’s famous funeral oration demonstrated his versatility and grasp of the dramatic text. Many had doubted his ability to handle Shakespeare, but Brando silenced critics with a passionate, compelling performance that earned him his second Academy Award nomination.
“Mutiny on the Bounty” (1962)
Brando was cast as the lead in this historical drama, playing Fletcher Christian, the British naval officer who led the infamous mutiny on the HMS Bounty. Brando’s commitment to the role was evident in his convincing English accent and the intensity he brought to the character’s defiance. However, this film was also notorious for Brando’s on-set demands and the production overruns he caused, contributing to his reputation as a difficult actor.
“A Dry White Season” (1989)
In this apartheid-era drama, Brando played a brief but crucial role as a crusading lawyer. This was his first film role in almost a decade, and he did it as a favor to the director, earning the smallest salary permissible by the Screen Actors Guild. Despite limited screen time, Brando’s performance was powerful and he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
From his rebellious characters in “The Wild One” and “On the Waterfront,” to the stoic power he exhibited in “The Godfather,” to his empathetic portrayal in “A Dry White Season,” Marlon Brando consistently chose roles that allowed him to explore the human condition in all its complexities. His dedication to his craft, along with the unique nuances he brought to each role, helped to shape his lasting legacy as one of the greatest actors in the history of film and theatre.
“Guys and Dolls” (1955)
“Guys and Dolls” was a unique entry in Brando’s filmography, as it saw him take on the role of Sky Masterson in this musical film. Brando’s singing was a point of contention for many, but his charming and nuanced portrayal of the suave gambler was widely praised. The film showcased Brando’s versatility and willingness to step outside his comfort zone.
“Reflections in a Golden Eye” (1967)
In “Reflections in a Golden Eye,” Brando took on the challenging role of Major Weldon Penderton, a closeted gay army officer. Brando’s portrayal was understated and sensitive, in contrast to the more explosive characters he was known for. His commitment to truthfully representing a repressed, complex character demonstrated his ability to explore the depths of the human psyche.
“The Chase” (1966)
In “The Chase,” Brando played Sheriff Calder, a man striving to maintain law and order in a small town teetering on the edge of chaos. Brando’s casting as the morally upright and contemplative Calder was against type for him, but it allowed him to demonstrate a quiet intensity and brooding quality that was as captivating as his more flamboyant roles.
“Burn!” (1969)
In the politically charged “Burn!” Brando played Sir William Walker, a British agent causing unrest in the Caribbean. Brando’s performance as the manipulative Walker was a potent exploration of imperialism and exploitation. This underappreciated gem allowed Brando to critique the very systems of power that his characters often embodied.
“The Nightcomers” (1971)
“The Nightcomers” was a prequel to Henry James’s “The Turn of the Screw,” and it featured Brando in the role of Peter Quint, the enigmatic and malevolent groundskeeper. Brando’s portrayal of Quint was darkly compelling, offering an unexpected dimension to a character who, in the original text, was mostly a specter.
These roles, along with the earlier ones we explored, attest to Marlon Brando’s artistic range, his ability to inhabit a wide variety of characters, and his commitment to exploring and portraying complex psychological states. Whether he was playing a macho biker, a musical gambler, a haunted army officer, or a Machiavellian agent, Brando brought an unmatched depth and authenticity to his performances. His willingness to challenge himself, his fearlessness in facing controversial themes, and his unwavering dedication to his craft made his casting in any role a truly transformative event in the realm of acting.
“The Missouri Breaks” (1976)
In “The Missouri Breaks,” Brando portrayed Robert E. Lee Clayton, a hired gunfighter with an eccentric character and a penchant for flamboyant costumes. Brando’s performance was a unique blend of dark humor and menace, illustrating his ability to inject his characters with unexpected qualities that added layers to their personalities. While some critics were bewildered by his idiosyncratic portrayal, Brando’s performance remains one of the most memorable aspects of the film.
“The Men” (1950)
Brando’s film debut in “The Men” saw him take on the role of Ken Wilcheck, a World War II veteran struggling to adjust to life as a paraplegic. Brando prepared extensively for this role, spending a month living in a Veterans Administration hospital to understand the physical and emotional struggles of his character. This dedication to realism marked the beginning of a career-long commitment to authenticity in his roles.
“Morituri” (1965)
In “Morituri,” Brando starred as Robert Crain, a German deserter coerced into sabotaging a Nazi ship during World War II. His character was a study in tension and uncertainty, trapped in a situation where every decision could mean life or death. Brando’s understated performance created a sense of simmering tension that drove the narrative forward.
“One-Eyed Jacks” (1961)
“One-Eyed Jacks” was the only film Brando directed, and he also starred in it as the outlaw Rio. His portrayal of the vengeance-driven Rio added depth to the western genre, with Brando injecting his character with an emotional complexity that moved beyond the usual stoic cowboy stereotype. His direction also showed an eye for visual storytelling and a strong grasp of character development.
“Sayonara” (1957)
In “Sayonara,” Brando played Major Lloyd ‘Ace’ Gruver, a fighter pilot in the Korean War who falls in love with a Japanese woman. The film explored the societal prejudices and personal sacrifices of an interracial relationship in the 1950s. Brando’s sensitive portrayal of Gruver reflected the actor’s personal beliefs in equality and civil rights. His performance was nominated for an Academy Award.
Each role that Marlon Brando undertook added another facet to his acting persona. From the tragic struggle of a disabled veteran to the internal turmoil of a fighter pilot in love, from the eccentricity of a hired gunfighter to the tension-filled life of a German deserter, Brando’s performances showcased his ability to portray diverse characters across different genres and settings. The casting of Brando in any role was not just a choice; it was a guarantee of an unforgettable performance that would leave a lasting impression on audiences worldwide.
Conclusion
Marlon Brando’s journey, from a troubled childhood to cinematic legend, is a testament to the transformative power of acting. His commitment to truth in performance, combined with his raw talent and emotional depth, revolutionized the craft of acting.
His legacy, both as an actor and a social activist, continues to inspire and influence actors today. Brando’s approach to acting — his steadfast dedication to authenticity and emotional truth — offers valuable lessons for aspiring actors. His work underscores the power of acting as a vehicle for empathy, understanding, and social change.
In the landscape of acting, Marino Brando stands as a towering figure, a symbol of artistic authenticity and humanistic engagement. His life and career provide an illuminating case study on the potential of acting as a tool for personal transformation and social impact.